![]() Infectious diseases: Spread from person to person Vectored: Spread through intermediary, such as an insect Nonvectored: Spread directly from person to person Chronic or degenerative diseases: Diseases of old age Genetic or inherited diseases: Passed through genes Spread of diseases Endemic: Present in small area Epidemic: Spreads over large region Pandemic: Spreads worldwideĨ Doubling Time Number of years for a population to double in size (like a bank deposit at compound interest) Decreased doubling time (rapid growth), then increased doubling time (growth slowed down) Doubling time = 54 years Doubling time = 45 yearsĭifference between births and deaths Does not include immigration and emigration TFR needed to maintain the population size: 2.1Ħ Mother’s Index Based on 10 barometers of well-being among mothers and children Strongly influenced by poverty and warfareħ Diseases Sources of diseases Spread of diseases The average number of children per woman in her childbearing years. Assumptions Populations grow exponentially. = 76/mi2 NYC=1,000,000/mi2 Australia = 7/mi2ģ Physiological Density – the total number of people per a unit of arable (farmable) land.Īn Essay on the Principle of Population, 1798 Malthus, responding to Condorcet, predicted population would outrun food supply, leading to a decrease in food per person. For comparison, the two countries with the highest populations-China and India-have population densities of 146/km² and 412/km², respectively.2 Arithmetic Density – the total number of people per a unit of land area. is also the country with the third-highest population in the world. The United States of America has a population density of 36/km², which is quite low considering the U.S. For example, Russia has a population density of just 9/km², while Canada is even lower at 4/km². On the other end of the spectrum, some of the largest countries in the world by land area have quite low population densities. ![]() Moreover, most are also highly urbanized centers of wealth and finance, with a tendency toward cities and skyscrapers rather than rolling fields or vast wilderness areas. The whole top five together have a total area of less than 2,000 km². It is notable that all of these locations are tiny. In fact, three of the top five entries are territories rather than countries, with first-place Macau joined by fellow Chinese territory Hong Kong in 4th place and the UK "crown dependency" Gibraltar in 5th. On the expanded list, the Chinese territory of Macau has the world's highest population density at 19,737/km². Sint Maarten ( Netherlands) - 1,200/km².Top 10 most densely populated countries and territories in the world, 2020: ![]() If one expands the list to overlook political technicalities and include territories that are currently claimed by larger nations, such as Hong Kong and Macau-the "Special Administrative Regions" of China-the numbers become even more impactful. ![]() Top 10 most densely populated countries in the world, 2020: Located near the French Riviera on the northern edge of the Mediterranean Sea, Monaco has a population of fewer than 40,000 people compared to China's 1.4 billion-but squeezes them into a mere two km² of land area (compared to China's 9.7 million km²). For example, the most densely populated country in the world in 2020 was the diminutive European city-state of Monaco. ![]()
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